WGU D311 Microbiology with labs:A fundamental Approach (GMO1)

45. Why do beta-lactamase-producing pathogens cause public concern for a community?

• Beta-lactamase is a gene that makes pathogens highly transmissible.

• Beta-lactamase is an enzyme that protects the pathogen from the human immune cells.

• Beta-lactamase is an enzyme that protects the pathogen from some common antibiotics.

• Beta-lactamase is an antibiotic that naturally protects the pathogen from neighboring bacteria.

46. Why are antihelminthic drugs difficult to develop?

• Helminths are simply structured, with few cellular components to target.

• Helminths cannot reproduce outside the host cell, making it challenging to reach them.

• Helminths are eukaryotes. It is difficult to develop medications with selective toxicity.

• Helminths produce beta-lactamase, which makes them resistant to most common antibiotics.

47. Which pathogen is susceptible to beta-lactam antimicrobials?

• Prokaryotic pathogen

• Eukaryotic pathogen

• Fungal pathogen

• Viral pathogen

48. Which process is targeted by antivirals?

• Spore proliferation

• Nucleic acid synthesis

• Cellular replication

• Cell membrane synthesis

49. Which term describes how bacteriostatic antibiotics become bactericidal when the drugs are used together?

• Broad-spectrum

• Synergism

• Narrow-spectrum

• Antagonism

50. How can pathogens typically found in animal feces, such as hantavirus, be transmitted through air?

• Dried fecal particles are carried on dust and inhaled by humans.

• Mosquitoes eat animal feces and then bite humans to spread the disease.

• The animal leaves feces in areas that are often touched by humans to spread the disease.

• Fecal matter is washed into the water system, where it is inhaled by humans.

51. Which cellular component is conjugated to protein antigens to improve efficacy in the conjugate vaccine, especially for children under the age of two?

• Capsule beta-glucan

• Capsule peptidoglycan

• Capsule polysaccharide

• Capsule lipid bilayer

52. What is the disadvantage of a live attenuated vaccine?

• Limited longevity

• Risk of reversion

• Weaker immunity

• Risk of ineffectiveness

53. How do vaccines help the body fight against viruses?

• By training the innate immune system

• By killing the pathogenic viruses responsible for infection

• By introducing treatable bacterial pathogens to mimic viruses

• By training the adaptive immune system

54. Which vaccine type would be useful against a toxin-producing strain of bacteria?

• Attenuated vaccine

• Toxoid vaccine

• Conjugate vaccine

• Subunit vaccine

55. Which vaccine type would result in both a cell-mediated and humoral immune response because pathogens are able to grow in the host?

• Toxoid

• Inactivated viral

• Attenuated viral

• Subunit

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