WGU D311 GMO1 :Microbiology with lab:A fundamental approach

1. What is the significance of microorganisms containing a thick coat of peptidoglycan within the cell wall?

   • They are gram-positive bacteria.

   • They are gram-negative fungi.

   • They are gram-negative bacteria.

   • They are gram-positive fungi.

2. Why are viruses considered acellular?

   • They are smaller than bacteria.

   • They do not have a nucleus.

   • They can infect all types of cells.

   • They cannot reproduce without a host.

3. What is the defining characteristic of eukaryotes?

   • They photosynthesize.

   • They live in extreme environments.

   • They have a nucleus.

   • They are multicellular.

4. Which structure is the defining characteristic of eukaryotes?

   • Mitochondria

   • Ribosomes

   • Nucleus

   • Cytoplasm

5. Which microorganism can cause vaginal yeast infections and oral thrush?

   • Bacteria

   • Viruses

   • Parasites

   • Fungi

6. Why can it be difficult to determine the etiologic agent of a disease?

   • Rapid testing is widely available to identify every etiologic agent.

   • An association between a pathogen and disease is sufficient to identify an etiologic agent.

   • Some signs and symptoms can be caused by many different etiologic agents.

   • Every disease has a unique set of signs and symptoms associated with it.

7. What kind of staining technique is the acid-fast stain?

   • Negative stain

   • Differential stain

   • Fluorescent stain

   • Simple stain

8. A doctor prescribed antibiotics for a patient complaining of runny nose, fever, and aches and pains. Which type of infection did the doctor suspect?

   • Viral

   • Fungal

   • Bacterial

   • Parasitic

9. A healthcare professional is treating a patient who developed a yeast infection after taking antibiotics. What type of medication should be prescribed?

   • Antivirals

   • Antiprotozoals

   • Broad-spectrum antibiotics

   • Antifungals

10. Which immune system cell type destroys cells infected with intracellular pathogens?

   • Regulatory T cells

   • Cytotoxic T cells

   • Helper T cells

   • Suppressor T cells

11. Which structure promotes motility in Proteus, Shigella, and Salmonella species?

   • Presence of fimbriae

   • Presence of toxins

   • Presence of endospores

   • Presence of flagella

12. Which bacterial virulence factor allows a strain to resist phagocytosis?

   • Protein F production

   • Pili production

   • Fimbriae production

   • Capsule production

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